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In this lesson we will describe transverse and longitudinal waves in terms of amplitude, wavelength, period and frequency.

In this lesson we will describe how materials differ in terms of their properties, and describe how light behaves at the boundary of two media (reflection) using ray diagrams.

In this lesson we will describe how light behaves at the boundary of two media (refraction) using ray diagrams and how manipulation of light rays can be used to change the appearance of images.

In this lesson we will investigate the behaviour of light using ray diagrams, including critical angles.

In this lesson we will use ray diagrams to describe the image formed by lenses and calculate the magnification of an image formed by a lens.

In this lesson we will explain how a colour is related to absorption, transmission and reflection of different wavelengths of light. We will explain the effect of viewing objects through filters or the effect on light of passing through filters and explain why an opaque object has a particular colour.

In this lesson we will describe the interaction between a gap and the wavelength, and the resultant diffraction and interference.

In this lesson we will describe processes which convert wave disturbances between sound waves and vibrations in solids, and explain why such processes only work over a limited frequency range and the relevance of this to human hearing.

In this lesson we will define an echo, describe how superposition occurs and its effect on sound.

In this lesson we will describe the causes of standing waves and draw diagram indicating nodes and antinodes.

In this lesson we will describe how the pitch of sounds is determined and interpret oscilloscope traces for frequency.